As the central focus of cardiology, the heart has numerous
anatomical characteristics (eg , atria , ventricles , heart valves ) and
numerous physiological characteristics (eg , systole, heart sounds, after load)
that have been documented encyclopedia for many centuries .
Disorders of the heart lead to heart disease and cardiovascular
disease and can lead to a significant number of deaths.The main responsibility of the heart is to pump blood
throughout the body. It pumps blood from the body - called the systemic
circulation - through the lungs - called pulmonary circulation - and then back
to the body. This means that the heart is connected with and affects the entire
body . Simplified , the heart is a circuit traffic . Although much is known
about the health of the heart, most of the research in cardiology is in
disorders of heart and restoration , and , if possible, of the function.
The heart is a muscle that tightens the blood and functions
as a pump . Each part of the heart is susceptible to failure or malfunction of
the heart and can be divided into mechanical and electrical parts
The electrical part of the heart is centered on the periodic
contraction ( squeezing) of muscle cells that is caused by the cardiac
pacemaker located in the sinoatrial node. The study of electrical aspects is a
sub- field of cardiac electrophysiology and electrophysiology called boils down
to the electrocardiogram (ECG / EKG ) . Action potentials generated by the
pacemaker travel through the entire core in a specific pattern . The system
that exploits this potential is called the electrical conduction system . A
malfunction in the electrical system manifests itself in many ways and may
include Wolff- Parkinson- White , ventricular fibrillation and heart block .